The relationship between the three.

It is necessary to have certain basic principles to study anything, so that we can get the result from the point to the surface, and the result is also achieved. The three are independent and unified. The shoe design must be from foot to shoe last, so that how to make shoes three stages. Further understanding of the structure and function of the human body is the most basic and basic condition for making shoes. Only in this way can we make the fashionable shoes and comfortable shoes. Besides, a pair of fashionable, beautiful and comfortable shoes, whose shape and main accessories are in accordance with the design and manufacturing principles in order to exert their fine functions, are durable.

Two. The same structure of feet. shoes Relationship:

Foot is the protection unit of shoes, and is the ultimate goal of shoes. In order to make shoes free from injury and ensure their movement function, we must understand the interaction of structure, physiology, pathology, movement function and form, and design and develop a popular shoe last, and design a fashionable and comfortable shoe.

1, the structure of feet: feet are made of shoes, such as bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves and so on.

A, bone Name:

The human skeleton consists of twenty-six different sizes of bones plus two ankle bones. The total skeleton is composed of twenty-eight parts. The main skeleton names are: phalanges, metatarsus, cuneiform, cuboid, scaphoid, talus, calcaneus, tibia, fibula and so on.

B, the name of muscle: muscle is divided into: front group, outer end group, posterior surface group, behind the next group.

C, foot arch: foot arches have toe toes arch, external longitudinal arch, internal longitudinal arch, horizontal arch.

Skin and physiological functions of D, foot:

The skin of the foot is a covering of the outer layer of the foot. The skin is divided into epidermis, three layers of dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Under the dermis, there are nerve terminals, blood vessels, sweat glands and hair follicles. It functions as well as other parts of the skin, in addition to keeping the feet from external invasion, including sweat secretion, water evaporation and respiration in the body, thermoregulation and various stimuli from the outside world.

1) sweat secretion and evaporation:

The distribution of sweat glands is uneven, with 300-500 feet and 130-200 feet. Sweat is colorless and salty liquid, about 98% of the water, and sodium chloride, sulfur and other inorganic substances, uric acid urea, fat protein, volatile fatty acids and other organic matters, these organic compounds are easy to decompose under the action of bacteria, irritating to the skin, corrosive to socks and shoes, the evaporation rate of water at rest is 0.5-1.6G/T, the medium load is 1.8-3.2G/T, the heavy load is 6-12G/T, and our AUPS's anti bacteria cloth has such protective effect.

2) breathing: as the ambient temperature increases, carbon dioxide emissions also increase, (when the temperature reaches 32 degrees 0.5MM/T, 38.5 degrees 1.2MM/T

3) thermoregulation: most of the temperature of the human body is distributed through the skin, and the foot is 1-1.5 higher than the palm. The calf is 3-7 degrees higher than the foot. When the external temperature drops, when the temperature of the foot surface drops to 12-15 degrees, it will easily lead to a cold. If the temperature is below 10 degrees, it will frostbite if it is immersed in water for a long time.

In short: when designing shoes (especially sports shoes), we should take into account the factors such as thermal insulation, heat insulation, breathability and moisture absorption of shoes, such as golf football shoes, so as to ensure that feet are properly functioning in the shoe's physiological functions and make feet comfortable. We should choose shoes fitted last and design reasonable surface, so that shoes do not press foot. It will not cause pain and numbness, and winter will not cause frostbite.

2. Foot measurement: the foot is a flat hammer body. The basic conditions for making the last part are:

A, foot center radian

B, tiptoe shape

The length of C, toe, metatarsophalangeal, heel and their ratio: Heel: 18%, waist: 41%, fifth metatarsophalangeal: 63.5%, first middle toe: 72.5%, toe end: 90%

Radian shape of D and arch of foot

E, the shape of the arc of the longitudinal surface of the foot.

F, the curve on the back of the heel.

3. The foot of the Orient is short and hypertrophy. The feet are small in curvature, straight in shape, separated in toes, small in heel, small in the west, slender and slender in the western style, concentrated in the toes, and concentrated in the toes.

4, foot type basically has normal type, high long type, flat type.

5, the relationship between the foot and the last is: the last is the root of the foot, and the foot is the last.