The Central Cotton Institute and the national cotton industry technology system in the middle of 4 months investigated the cotton sowing situation of 109 counties (regiments, farms), 225 townships and 484 administrative villages in 16 provinces and autonomous regions of Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, Suzhou, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shanxi, new, Gansu and Liaoning provinces. Combined with the inspection of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, the progress monitoring report was released.

　　 First, Sow Smooth, fast progress, quick emergence, and orderly emergence.

According to monitoring, to April 30th, the whole country cotton The sowing schedule is 97.9% (Table 1), which is 0.6 percentage points faster than that of last year, that is, the spring sowing in April, including seedbed sowing, is basically over. The progress of transplanting was 15.2%, which was 0.6 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year. In the late spring of April, the weather was normal, the disaster was light, and the sowing time was early.

The progress of spring sowing in the Yangtze River Valley is 94.1%, slower than 3.5 percentage points in the same period last year, and the progress of transplanting is 12.8%, which is 1.3 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year. This is related to the increase of late cropping area. The seedlings of oil / wheat stubble were raised in late April and early May, and were transplanted or sowed in late May.

The progress of spring sowing (planting) in the Yellow River basin was 96.7%, slightly faster than 1.7 percentage points in the same period last year, and the progress of transplanting was 20.8%, which was 1.2 percentage points slower than that of the same period last year. The weather in April is generally favorable, with rainfall of nearly 60 millimeters, nearly 2 times over that of the past years, more than 10 millimeters in the middle of the month, and 30 millimeters in the middle of the 24 day. The first is that the spring rain is as expensive as oil. The soil moisture is good. There is basically no drought. After the rain, the temperature rises rapidly to 30 degrees Celsius, and the hot weather lasts for more than 5 days. It is advantageous to sowing and seeding in dry land and saline alkaline dryland. It is advantageous to transplanting garlic covered cotton with high survival rate and short seedling stage.

The northwest inland sowing schedule was 100%, and the end of the whole sowing period was 0.8 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year, with 100% of the North Xinjiang, which is 0.8 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year. Southern Xinjiang It was flat compared with the same period last year. This spring northwest normal climate preferences, although there are low temperatures, strong winds, dust and dust weather, but the intensity is low, the time is very short, the emergence of seedlings is smooth, Miao early Miao Qi, contrary to last April's strong cold wave, strong winds and dust frequent occurrence, basically no rebroadcast cotton field. However, the emergence of some secondary salinized cotton fields and stubble irrigated cotton fields in the southern Xinjiang is only 80%, the emergence time is longer, the emergence uniformity is poor, and the seedling potential is weak, so it is necessary to replant.

The sowing schedule of Liaohe River Basin is 90%, which is 10 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year. Because of the high temperature in late April, the moisture content is good, the seeding speed is fast, the emergence is fast, and the emergence is neat.

Light seedling raising. This year, 9 provinces and municipalities continue to implement light weight seedling raising projects. The seedbed has good seedling emergence, fast transplanting, high survival rate and short seedling stage. Shandong garlic cotton transplanting at the end of April, basically ended in early May.

　　 Two. The main task of cotton production is to protect seedlings and promote early development.

This spring has normal climate preferences, good seedling emergence and good seedling emergence. However, since entering May, the temperature has turned low, continuous rain has been more, humidity in the field is large, sunshine is less, plant diseases and insect pests have been biased, seedling potential has weakened, and there are dead seedlings. Therefore, this year's seedling stage should focus on preserving seedlings, cultivating strong seedlings, promoting early onset, and implementing classified management.