Following the frequent shortage of migrant workers, the eastern coastal areas will be faced with new problems of labor resources: the central and western regions of the "source of migrant workers" began to compete with the East for labor resources through raising wages and improving social security.

Reporters recently interviewed in Chongqing and Sichuan, in the construction, electronics, textile, machinery processing and other important industries, wages in the central and western regions.

The "gap" with coastal areas is gradually shrinking, and some industries have basically closed up, and the labor force has begun to flow back.

East and west labor force "price gap" basically close

In the village of Yu Zui village in Zizhong County, Sichuan Province, reporters and several migrant workers accounted for one thing, and found that there was no obvious advantage for migrant workers in the coastal area.

Tian Wei, 22, worked in Jiangsu, earning 1500 yuan a month, spending 800 yuan on her room and board every month, and saving about 700 yuan, excluding 1000 yuan for the round-trip fare and seven thousand or eight thousand yuan for the Chinese New Year.

Tian Zengliang, a 21 year old worker from the same village, worked in Chengdu. His monthly income was 1500 yuan, and his work was good enough to reach 1900 yuan. The cost of living and housing was about $700 a month, and finally brought home nearly 10000 yuan.

The two people are quite similar in age and education, and their income is representative in the village.

In Longchang County of Sichuan province and Tongliang County of Chongqing City, the reporter interviewed more than 20 migrant workers in 4 villages.

They believe that there is not much difference in the level of working income between different regions. Even if the coastal areas are slightly higher, they are also offset by long-distance communications and pportation costs.

Sun Huiju, a farmer in Hechuan District of Chongqing, is the largest private labor export broker in the city. He has introduced 33 thousand laborers to the coastal area, and the change of labor prices has been very clear for more than 20 years.

Sun Huiju concluded that in the 80s of last century, there was a huge "gap" between the wages of workers in Chongqing and the coastal areas, and that there was a sense of gold making money for workers. But today, the price gap between the East and the west labor force has gradually been bridged, or even "upside down", for example, the electronics industry. The monthly wage of Chongqing is flat from 1200 yuan to 1600 yuan, while Guangdong has only 1000 yuan.

In recent years, Zhejiang people have set up many textile enterprises in Lushan, a remote agricultural county in Sichuan province.

He Shengxian, deputy general manager of Tongda Textile Co., Ltd. in Lushan, said that outsiders thought that our factory was located in such a remote area because the labor force was cheap. In fact, the monthly wage level of the Zhejiang factory was 1200 yuan, and worked for more than 11 hours a day. The monthly salary of Lushan county was more than 800 yuan, and it worked 8 hours a day. The labor force price was basically the same. The main attraction of the investment was the low price of the local hydropower station during the rainy season.

Labor price "gap" gradually close, why do there are tens of millions of people to work in the coastal areas?

The labor and employment department thinks there are two reasons: first, compared with the eastern part, there are too few employment opportunities in the central and western regions; two, the local labor market in the central and western part of China is underdeveloped, the employment information is not smooth, and there is a lack of large-scale industrial clusters. In the same industry, job hopping or re employment is more difficult. Three, the rural migrant workers mainly rely on their families and kinship networks, and "inertia" makes them the preferred coastal area.

Migrant workers began to return to the Midwest

With the shift of labor-intensive industries, labor shortage has also appeared in the central and western regions. Many central and Western governments have introduced labor force as an important measure to revitalize the economy.

Chongqing labor export No. 1 county, Kaixian, has more than 40 people going out for work all the year round.

Jiang Youyi, Secretary of the county Party committee, said that the county explicitly put forward the idea of "exporting labor force and bringing back productivity", attracting large numbers of migrant workers who got rich first and had certain industries to return to their hometown, leading a large number of farmers to return home and start their own businesses.

Chongqing Nan'an District began to include migrant workers into the urban housing security system, attracting more than 20 thousand migrant workers every year.

Zhang Xingmin, director of the Employment Bureau of Zizhong County in Sichuan, believes that the phenomenon of migrant workers returning has emerged.

It is estimated that 80% of the migrant workers in Zizhong County were on the coast, and only 40% of the coastal areas are now.

The homesickness of migrant workers is also an important reason for the reflux.

Wu Xiaoyan of Zizhong County in Sichuan province worked as a truck driver at the textile mill in Wujiang, Jiangsu. He had worked for 5 years, and the monthly salary of the bag was 1400 yuan.

She said: "working outside is really too tired. There are no weekends and holidays all the year round, and I have been away from home for many years, and I miss my hometown very much.

I am looking for opportunities, as long as there are equal conditions of work opportunities, or a little lower salary, also want to return to work in Chengdu or hometown to earn money.

The east coast should be alert to improve treatment is the key.

Migrant workers return to the central and western parts of the country, in addition to the Eastern labor force price shortage, there is a deeper reason.

First, migrant workers are dissatisfied with social treatment.

Due to the split of the two yuan system in urban and rural areas, after nearly 30 years of hard work for a whole generation, migrant workers still can not become "new citizens" in the East, leaving behind a large number of left behind children and elderly left behind families.

The two is dissatisfaction with the treatment of enterprises.

With the improvement of the consciousness of safeguarding the rights of the new generation of workers, the contradiction between the workers and the factories in the aspects of old age, medical treatment, work injury, labor time, board and lodging, and amateur life is constantly emerging.

Zhang Xingmin said that a ceramic factory in Guangdong received orders, and urgently needed to find 200 workers in Zizhong County, and the Employment Bureau organized 170 people in the past.

In the past, because of the strong labor intensity, long time, low treatment and poor living conditions, the migrant workers appointed representatives to negotiate with the factory, and the two sides could not agree. The result was that they lost 150 people in a week.

Sun Huiju said that some enterprises in Guangdong now work for up to 12 hours a day, and their wages still stay at seven hundred or eight hundred yuan.

"Although I repeatedly protested to them, I did not change much.

Now, my hands on ordinary workers from coastal areas of Guangdong need more than 50 thousand orders, but they can only export two thousand people at most.