In the upper and middle of July, the average temperature of the whole province was higher than that of the whole year. at present cotton In the flowering stage, the moisture content of the large cotton area is more suitable, and the soil is too wet in some areas. It is expected that in late July, the temperature in most cotton areas will be near normal, and precipitation will be slightly less than normal.

First, climate characteristics.

(1) precipitation and soil moisture

In the upper and middle July, the average rainfall in the province was 138.3 millimeters, 22% more than that in the whole year (1, 2). At present, the moisture content of most areas is relatively suitable. The soil relative humidity of 20 centimeters of farmland is generally 60% to 90%, and that of some areas is less than 60%. In some areas of southern Shandong, Shandong, Peninsular and Northwestern Shandong, there is a phenomenon of excessive humidity (Fig. 3).

(two) air temperature and sunshine

In the upper and middle July, the average temperature of the province was 26.8 degrees Celsius, which was 1.1 degrees higher than that of the same period. The average temperature in early July was 2 degrees higher than that in the normal year, and 0.2 degrees Celsius in the middle. The average sunshine hours were 114.9 hours, which were 16.6 hours less than that of the whole year. In the first half of July, they were less than 7.2 hours, and 9.4 hours in the middle.

Two. cotton Growth analysis

At present, cotton In the flowering stage, the growth period is 1~2 days later than usual. The accumulated temperature of growth is mostly between 1989~2111 degrees, most of them are 19~55 degrees less than that of the whole year. Since the middle of July, more precipitation and less light have brought some adverse effects on cotton flowering.

Three, late July weather forecast

It is estimated that in late July, the precipitation in our province is slightly less than usual. There are three main precipitation processes, which occur at the beginning, 23~24 and the end of ten days respectively. The average daily temperature is slightly higher than that of the normal year. The maximum daily temperature appeared 29 days ago, and the inland area was 35~38 degrees Celsius, and the coastal area of the peninsula was about 32 degrees Celsius.

Four, measures and suggestions

(1) from July to August, it is the best Bolling period for cotton. It is suggested that all cotton areas should be pruned in time to improve ventilation and light spanmittance, regulate the microclimate in the field, spanform nutrition into fruit branches, promote flower bud growth, boll up bolls and increase boll weight.

(two) cotton fields with excessive rainfall should eliminate the accumulated water in the field in time and remove the leaves of the residual branch disease. After 1 weeks of drainage, the roots will be released in time to increase the ventilation capacity of the soil and keep the soil loose, which will help the cotton to resume growth and prevent lodging.

(three) cotton plants are sprayed with growth regulators at the same time to inhibit vegetative growth, promote reproductive growth, delay premature senescence of leaves, and reduce the abscission of bolls and bolls.

(four) high temperature and rainy weather, the air humidity is great, it is beneficial to the occurrence and development of disease and insect pests, and every cotton area should pay attention to prevent and cure diseases and insect pests.